The Relationship between Political Participation and Rural Grassroots Units in China

Most of the researches hold that political participation has enhanced social supervision to reduce the corruption and raised recognition of people for the political system. In this paper we have choose three issues in “Statistics from the Ministry of Civil Affairs ” to do the multiple regression analysis. Finally, we found that the degree of villagers participation in the village’s affair and openness of administrative have an obviously affect on the degrees of approval to village officials of the villagers. As a result, we think the political participation have a magnificent influence on the valuation of political system

BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS ON ROUNDHOUSE KICK IN TAEKWONDO

Taking a part of athletes of Taekwondo in Wuhan Institute of Physical Education as subjects, this study employed "Fighting Event-related Group Training Testing Machine" to get important athletes' data of roundhouse kick. In point of biomechanical view, it's easy to draw a conclusion that kick force (F) and kick velocity (V) were different about the front and back roundhouse kick when the suspended targets were at the angles of 90° and 110°. Therefore the purpose of this article was to draw its biomechanical characteristics and provide theoretic basis for teaching and training of Taekuondo

Vertical distributions of soil microbial biomass carbon: a global dataset

Soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) is important in regulating soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics along soil profiles by mediating the decomposition and formation of SOC. The dataset (VDMBC) is about the vertical distributions of SOC, SMBC, and soil microbial quotient (SMQ = SMBC/SOC) and their relations to environmental factors across five continents. Data were collected from literature, with a total of 289 soil profiles and 1040 observations in different soil layers compiled. The associated environment data collectd include climate, ecosystem types, and edaphic factors. We developed this dataset by searching the Web of Sciene and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure from the year of 1970 to 2019. All the data in this dataset met two creteria: 1) there were at least three mineral soil layers along a soil profile, and 2) SMBC was measured using the fumigation extraction method. The data in tables and texts were obtained from literature directly, and the data in figures were extracted by using the GetData Graph digitizer software version 2.25. When climate and soil properties were not available from publications, we obtainted the data from the World Weather Information Service (https://worldweather.wmo.int/en/home.html) and SoilGrids at a spatial resolution of 250 meters (version 0.5.3, https://soilgrids.org). The units of all the variables were converted to the standard international units or commonly used ones and the values were transformed correspondingly. For example, the value of soil organic matter (SOM) was converted to SOC by using the equation (SOC = SOM × 0.58). This dataset can be used in predicting global SOC changes along soil profiles by using the multi-layer soil carbon models. It can also be used to analyse how soil microbial biomass changes with plant roots as well as the composition, structure, and functions of soil microbial communities along soil profiles at large spatial scales. This dataset offers opportunities to improve our prediction of SOC dynamics under global changes and to advance our understanding of the environmental controls

CCL3 and CCL20-recruited dendritic cells modified by melanoma antigen gene-1 induce anti-tumor immunity against gastric cancer ex vivo and in vivo

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To investigate whether dendritic cell (DC) precursors, recruited by injection of <b>chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3) and CCL20</b>, induce anti-tumor immunity against gastric cancer induced by a DC vaccine expressing melanoma antigen gene-1 (MAGE-1) ex vivo and in vivo.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>B6 mice were injected with CCL3 and CCL20 via the tail vein. Freshly isolated F4/80^-B220^-CD11c⁺cells cultured with cytokines were analyzed by phenotype analysis and mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). For adenoviral (Ad)-mediated gene transduction, cultured F4/80^-B220^-CD11c⁺cells were incubated with Ad-MAGE-1. Vaccination of stimulated DC induced T lymphocytes. The killing effect of these T cells against gastric carcinoma cells was assayed by MTT. INF-γ production was determined with an INF-γ ELISA kit. In the solid tumor and metastases model, DC-based vaccines were used for immunization after challenge with MFC cells. <b>Tumor size, survival of mice, and number of pulmonary metastatic foci were used to assess the therapeutic effect of DC vaccines</b>.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>F4/80^-B220^-CD11c⁺cell numbers increased after <b>CCL3 and CCL20 </b>injection. Freshly isolated F4/80^-B220^-CD11c⁺cells cultured with cytokines were phenotyically identical to typical DC and gained the capacity to stimulate allogeneic T cells. These DCs were transduced with Ad-MAGE-1, which were prepared for DC vaccines expressing tumor antigen. T lymphocytes stimulated by DCs transduced with Ad-MAGE-1 exhibited specific killing effects on gastric carcinoma cells and produced high levels of INF-γ ex vivo. In vivo, tumor sizes of the experimental group were much smaller than both the positive control group and the negative control groups (<it>P </it>< 0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that survival of the experimental group mice was significantly longer than the control groups (<it>P </it>< 0.05). In addition, MAGE-1-transduced DCs were also a therapeutic benefit on an established metastatic tumor, resulting in a tremendous decrease in the number of pulmonary metastatic foci.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p><b>CCL3 and CCL20</b>-recruited DCs modified by adenovirus-trasnsduced, tumor-associated antigen, MAGE-1, can stimulate anti-tumor immunity specific to gastric cancer ex vivo and in vivo. This system may prove to be an efficient strategy for anti-tumor immunotherapy.</p

Isospin dependence of projectile-like fragment production at intermediate energies

The cross sections of fragments produced in 140 $A$ MeV $^{40,48}$Ca + $^9$Be and $^{58,64}$Ni + $^9$Be reactions are calculated by the statistical abration-ablation(SAA) model and compared to the experimental results measured at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL) at Michigan State University. The fragment isotopic and isotonic cross section distributions of $^{40}$Ca and $^{48}$Ca, $^{58}$Ni and $^{64}$Ni, $^{40}$Ca and $^{58}$Ni, and $^{48}$Ca and $^{64}$Ni are compared and the isospin dependence of the projectile fragmentation is studied. It is found that the isospin dependence decreases and disappears in the central collisions. The shapes of the fragment isotopic and isotonic cross section distributions are found to be very similar for symmetric projectile nuclei. The shapes of the fragment isotopic and isotonic distributions of different asymmetric projectiles produced in peripheral reactions are found very similar. The similarity of the distributions are related to the similar proton and neutron density distributions inside the nucleus in framework of the SAA model.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures; to be published in Phys Rev

Verification of the utility of molecular markers linked to the multiple-allele male-sterile gene Ms in the breeding of male-sterile lines of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa)

To verify the molecular markers linked to the genic multiple-allele male-sterile gene Ms, an F1 plant, which was generated by crossing the inbred line a20 and the male-sterile plant of the genic multipleallele male-sterile AB line, was backcrossed with an a20 plant to develop BC4 and BC5 populations. Sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker syau_scr01 and simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker syau_m13, which were linked to Ms, exhibited polymorphism between the 2 parents. The accuracies of these 2 markers in determining the plant genotype was 85 and 91.7%, respectively. The accuracy reached 100% when the 2 markers were used in combination. These results indicate that these 2 markers can be applied in the marker-assisted selection of the genic multiple-allele male-sterile line of Chinese cabbage.Keywords: Chinese cabbage, genic multiple-allele male sterility, marker-assisted selection, simple sequence repeat, sequence-characterized amplified regionAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 9(35), pp. 5623-5628, 30 August, 201